Distribution and socioecological impacts of the invasive alien cactus opuntia stricta in eastern africa. Pdf distribution and socioecological impacts of the. Opuntia stricta haw is one of the relatively unknown species in south africa where it is regarded more as a weed. May 09, 2019 as aforementioned, opuntia can successfully manage ones cholesterol levels by eliminating ldl cholesterol from the body.
Watersoluble polysaccharides from opuntia stricta haw. One of the major health benefits posed by opuntia is that it can help. The antioxidant activity and the chemical composition of methanol extracts from peel and pulp belonging to two species of tunisian prickly pears opuntia ficus indica spiny and thornless forms and opuntia stricta have been studied. Nopal opuntia ficusindica plant profiler sigmaaldrich. Opuntia ficusindica normal form used as a hedge left. Here opuntia stricta has spread out from an old homestead. Opuntia aciculate, an ornamental cactus known for its yellow and red spines, is a popular choice for outdoor gardeners. The use of cactus cladodes in animal feed is wellestablished in semiarid areas.
One portion of the fruit samples was separated into peel. He indicated that in contrast to fertilized opuntia plantations, the protein content of the wild prickly pear was so low that mineral and protein supplements were necessary. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. We recorded the distribution of opuntia stricta in eastern africa, and conducted 200 household interviews using semistructured questionnaires to assess local perceptions of o. Opuntia spp characterization and benefits in chronic diseases. The antioxidant activities of the extracted polysaccharides were assessed using 2,2diphenyl1picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity and reducing power capacity.
Pdf many cactus species have been introduced around the world and have subsequently become major. Use this link to get more info about this plant from the usf institute for systematic botany. The flavonoid compounds present in prickly pears prevent the growth of the cancerous cells by attacking the free radical. We recorded the distribution of opuntia stricta in eastern africa, and conducted 200 household. Opuntia ficusindica is very similar to opuntia monacantha drooping prickly pear and opuntia stricta common prickly pear. Segments elliptic to obovate, compressed, 1030 cm long, 720 cm wide. The seed oil of opuntia ficusindica is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids c16. It is regularly updated and we welcome notification of additional books.
Well ripened opuntia stricta fruits were harvested from the wild in laikipia plateau, northeastern kenya. Its fruit is composed of around 69% peels, 21% pulp, and 10% seeds. Plants profile for opuntia dillenii erect pricklypear. The cactus may also occur naturally in the caribbean, the gulf coast of mexico, the eastern shores of mesoamerica, and on the northern shores of south america. The first description as cactus strictus was published in 1803 by adrian hardy haworth. We take photos in habitat so that you can see how the plants look and grow in different seasons. Opuntia stricta fruit juice is a potential source of betacyanin pigments which can be.
Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Common names include erect prickly pear and nopal estricto spanish. The combination of prickly pear cactus with oral hypoglycemic agents, such as metformin and glipizide, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus may increase the risk of hypoglycemia because of additive blood glucose lowering effects 70 a. Jul 02, 20 opuntia ficusindica normal form used as a hedge left. Fantastic health benefits of opuntia prickly pears. The genus is named for the ancient greek city of opus, where, according to theophrastus, an edible plant grew.
Its fruit is composed of around 69% peels, 21% pulp and 10% seeds. There, according to theophrastus, an edible plant grew which could be propagated by rooting its leaves. Bushy, clumped plant, distinct trunks absent, clumps usually 1. Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the. But miniature prickly pear cactuseslike opuntia aurea golden beavertail prickly pear or opuntia microdasys bunny ear cactusare the best choices for indoor growing. Previously, it was divided into three independent species.
It is also similar to indian fig opuntia ficusindica, whitespined prickly pear opuntia streptacantha, drooping tree pear opuntia monacantha and velvety tree pear opuntia. Opuntia is the most widespread genus of cactus and one of the largest with 150. We use historical records and current findings along with our own field studies to identify prickly pears, their differences, and their similarities. Spines sparse on joint 1 or 2or 3 per areole, but on main trunk to 12 per areole, erect or spreading, grayish. Pdf on jan 1, 2010, sp chauhan and others published biological actions of opuntia species find. More information on that event is available in this website at prickly pear history. The total phenolic compound tpc and the total flavonoid content were determined by the. The old black and white photo on the left shows one example of how it was. Metabolism prickly pear cactus is a popular food among mexicans, mexicanamericans, and hispanics and is commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Opuntia stricta is a cactus that can grow up to 2 metres in height and originates in central america. We describe opuntia species, and we provide multiple photographs so you can see details.
There are about 190 different species of opuntia the genus is named after the ancient greek city of opus. Pdf solvent extract from opuntia stricta fruit peels. Segments elliptic to obovate, compressed, 1030 cm long, 720 cm. This spiny shrub favours habitats such as rocky slopes, river banks and urban areas.
Common pest pear or prickly pear opuntia stricta spp. Opuntia, commonly called prickly pear, is a genus in the cactus family, cactaceae. Opuntia ficusindica extracts may be helpful in alleviating the excitotoxic neuronal damage induced by global ischemia as seen with the methanol extract of opuntia ficusindicas neuroprotective action against nmethyldaspartate nmda, kainate ka, and oxygenglucose deprivationinduced neuronal injury in. Salmdyck cladodes nopalea have high acceptability amongst dairy cows and are resistant to carmine cochineal insects dactylopius opuntiae cockerell, a problem in semiarid regions, but in regions of prolonged drought, it has lower productivity compared with the cactus opuntia stricta haw. It is also listed in the global invasive species database, and regarded to be in the top 100 of. Common names include erect prickly pear and nopal estricto. The type 2 diabetic rat model was induced by hfd and lowdose stz. Concentrate levels associated with a new genotype of. Prickly pears are also known as tuna fruit, sabra, nopal paddle, plural nopales from the nahuatl word nopalli for the pads, or nostle, from the nahuatl word nochtli for the fruit. Opuntia stricta was considered to be australias worst ever weed. This species was recently listed as a priority environmental weed in two natural resource management regions.
Common pest pear opuntia stricta spcommon pest pear or prickly pear opuntia stricta spp. Opuntia stricta is belonging to the cactaceae family and comprises from 200 to 300 species. The insects have limited dispersal abilities in low hostplant density situations and manual dispersal of infested cladodes to uninfested plants is. There is detailed information about identification and control of opuntioid cactiincluding opuntia stricta in managing opuntioid cacti in australia. Opuntia stricta is belonging to the cactaceae family. Evaluation of herbicides for control of common prickly pear opuntia stricta var. The fruits of the same size and ripening stage, free from damage were selected for analysis. Concentrate levels associated with a new genotype of cactus. Salmdyck cladodes nopalea have high acceptability amongst dairy cows and are resistant to carmine cochineal insects dactylopius opuntiae cockerell, a problem in semiarid regions, but in regions of prolonged drought, it has lower productivity compared with the cactus.
The fibre content in the fruit is capable of reducing the plasma levels and hepatic levels of cholesterol, studies reveal. There, according to theophrastus, an edible plant grew which could be propagated by rooting its leaves prickly pears mostly opuntia stricta were originally imported into australia in the 18th century for gardens. In addition, ploidy of the putative hybrid between opuntia abjecta and opuntia stricta, i. Opuntia web 90 usa prickly pear species identify yours. Comparative study of antioxidant power, polyphenols, flavonoids and betacyanins of the peel and pulp of three tunisian opuntia forms.
Betalains from the fruit of opuntia ficus indica was shown to induce apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukaemia, k562 cell line 98 opuntia stricta is known to have the highest total betalain content among all the opuntia spp. In 1812 he introduced the species in the genus opuntia. Chemical composition, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and. Is this new plant that just sprung up in my yard a prickly pear opuntia stricta cactus. Evidencebased complementary and alternative medicine.
Aim to determine the chemical composition, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and cytotoxic activities of opuntia stricta cladodes. Media in category opuntia stricta the following 94 files are in this category, out of 94 total. The objective of the present study was to evaluate. Isolated pest pear plants will have to be inoculated manual ly by placing a.
Prickly pear simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Opuntia stricta is a large sized species of cactus that is endemic to the subtropical and tropical coastal areas of the americas and the caribbean. Opuntia stricta is a shrubby, lowspreading to erect, evergreen cactus, sometimes forming large, wide clumps that are seldom more than 80cm tall, though occasional forms with definite trunks are known to grow 2 3 metres tall. Opuntia stricta is a coastal prickly pear cactus that occurs on the shores of florida and other southeastern states. Possible constraints associated with the columnar species included the lack of free sugars, the presence of toxic chemicals, harsh desert conditions, and strict hostvector associations.
The genus is named after the ancient greek city of opus. Opuntia, prickly pear cactus spineless opuntia stricta by xenomorf may 3, 2007 10. One of several cactus species that is attacked by the cactus moth, cactoblastis cactorum, which arrived in florida in 1989, and this invasive species has become a serious threat to the diversity and abundance of opuntia cacti in north america. We provide counts for another common species in the southeastern u. These species can be distinguished by the following differences. Opuntia stricta fruit juice is a potential source of betacyanin pigments which can be used as a natural red purple food colorant. Solvent extract from opuntia stricta fruit peels semantic scholar.
The aim was to obtain the red food colorant betanin from prickly pear, at. The antioxidant capacity was measured by dpph radical scavenging activity. Comparative study of antioxidant power, polyphenols. Evidencebased complementary and alternative medicine hindawi. No control measures have been carried out except some costly manual removal of about 10 hectares. Because of this, not much is known about its chemical composition. Opuntia stricta haworth is now generally accepted as a single species comprising two varieties or subspecies, o. Books on opuntia this is a list of books that cover tephrocactus and related genera.
Common prickly pear opuntia stricta is very similar to spiny pest pear opuntia dillenii and intermediates between the two species are sometimes seen in australia. South african measurements of nutritional quality of opuntia of 4% cp, 64% tdn, 1. Reinhardt cf, rossouw l, thatcher l, lotter wd, 1999. These materials were quickly transported to the laboratory and placed in a cold room. Pdf biological actions of opuntia species researchgate. There are over 90 species of opuntia in the united states. Plants profile for opuntia stricta erect pricklypear. Provided by ars systematic botany and mycology laboratory. He indicated that in contrast to fertilized opuntia plantations, the protein content of the wild prickly pear was. Opuntia stricta is a large sized species of cactus that is endemic to the subtropical and tropical. Common prickly pear opuntia stricta is regarded as an environmental weed in queensland, new south wales, victoria and western australia.
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